Hi everyone! today we start learning about Acceptance testing in a flutter, It is formal testing according to user needs, requirements, and business processes conducted to determine whether a system satisfies the acceptance criteria or not and to enable the users, customers, or other authorized entities to determine whether to accept the system or not.
Acceptance Testing is the last phase of software testing performed after System Testing and before making the system available for actual use.
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Table Of Contents::
Reason Behind Acceptance Testing in Flutter
Use of Acceptance Testing in Flutter
Steps to Perform Acceptance Testing
Advantages of Acceptance Testing
Disadvantages of Acceptance Testing
Acceptance Testing:
Acceptance testing is formal testing based on user requirements and function processing. It determines whether the software is conforming to specified requirements and user requirements or not. It is conducted as a kind of Black Box testing where the number of required users is involved in testing the acceptance level of the system. It is the fourth and last level of software testing.
User acceptance testing (UAT) is a type of testing, which is done by the customer before accepting the final product. Generally, UAT is done by the customer (domain expert) for their satisfaction and checks whether the application is working according to given business scenarios, and real-time scenarios.
In this, we concentrate only on those features and scenarios which are regularly used by the customer or mostly user scenarios for the business or those scenarios which are used daily by the end-user or the customer.
Acceptance Testing — In SDLC:
The following diagram explains the fitment of acceptance testing in the software development life cycle.
The acceptance test cases are executed against the test data or using an acceptance test script and then the results are compared with the expected ones.
Acceptance Criteria:
Acceptance criteria are defined on the basis of the following attributes
- Functional Correctness and Completeness
- Data Integrity
- Data Conversion
- Usability
- Performance
- Timeliness
- Confidentiality and Availability
- Installability and Upgradability
- Scalability
- Documentation
Reason Behind Acceptance Testing in Flutter:
Once the software has undergone Unit Testing, Integration Testing, and System Testing so, Acceptance Testing may seem redundant, but it is required due to the following reasons.
- During the development of a project if there are changes in requirements and they may not be communicated effectively to the development team.
- Developers develop functions by examining the requirement document on their understanding and may not understand the actual requirements of the client.
- There may be some minor errors that can be identified only when the system is used by the end-user in the actual scenario, so acceptance testing is essential to discover these minor errors.
Once the application is bug-free, we hand over it to the customer, no customer accepts the application blindly before using it. Hence, they do one round of testing for their satisfaction, which is known as user acceptance testing.
Types of Acceptance Testing:
- > User Acceptance Testing (UAT):
User acceptance testing is used to determine whether the product is working for the user correctly. Specific requirements which are quite often used by the customers are primarily picked for the testing purpose. This is also termed as End-User Testing. - > Business Acceptance Testing (BAT):
BAT is used to determine whether the product meets the business goals and purposes or not. BAT mainly focuses on business profits which are quite challenging due to the changing market conditions and new technologies so the current implementation may have to be changed which results in extra budgets. - > Contract Acceptance Testing (CAT):
CAT is a contract that specifies that once the product goes live, within a predetermined period, the acceptance test must be performed and it should pass all the acceptance use cases.
Here is a contract termed a Service Level Agreement (SLA), which includes the terms where the payment will be made only if the Product services are in-line with all the requirements, which means the contract is fulfilled. - > Sometimes, this contract happens before the product goes live. There should be a well-defined contract in terms of the period of testing, areas of testing, conditions on issues encountered at later stages, payments, etc.
- > Regulations Acceptance Testing (RAT):
RAT is used to determine whether the product violates the rules and regulations that are defined by the government of the country where it is being released. This may be unintentional but will impact negatively on the business. - > Generally, the product or application that is to be released in the market, has to go under RAT, as different countries or regions have different rules and regulations defined by their governing bodies. If any rules and regulations are violated for any country then that country or the specific region the product will not be released in that country or region. If the product is released even though there is a violation then only the vendors of the product will be directly responsible.
- > Operational Acceptance Testing (OAT):
OAT is used to determine the operational readiness of the product and is non-functional testing. It mainly includes testing of recovery, compatibility, maintainability, reliability, etc. OAT assures the stability of the product before it is released in production. - > Alpha Testing:
Alpha testing is used to determine the product in the development testing environment by a specialized testers team usually called alpha testers. - > Beta Testing:
Beta testing is used to assess the product by exposing it to the real end-users, usually called beta testers in their environment. Feedback is collected from the users and the defects are fixed. Also, this helps in enhancing the product to give a rich user experience.
Use of Acceptance Testing in Flutter:
- To find the defects missed during the functional testing phase.
- How well the product is developed.
- A product is what the customers need.
- Feedback help in improving the product performance and user experience.
- Minimize or eliminate the issues arising from the production.
Steps to Perform Acceptance Testing:
There are steps for perform Acceptance Testing are:
> Requirement Analysis:
In this step, the testing team analyzes the requirement document to find out the objective of the developed software. Test planning is accomplished by using requirement documents, Process Flow Diagrams, System Requirements Specifications, Business Use Cases, Business Requirements Documents, and Project Charter.
> Test Plan Creation:
Test Plan Creation outlines the whole strategy of the testing process. This strategy is used to ensure and verify whether the software is conforming to specified requirements or not.
> Test Case Designing:
This step includes the creation of test cases based on test plan documents. Test cases should be designed in a way that can cover most of the acceptance testing scenarios.
> Test Case Execution:
Test Case Execution includes the execution of test cases by using appropriate input values. The testing team collects input values from the end-user then all test cases are executed by both the tester and end-user to make sure the software is working correctly in the actual scenario.
> Confirmation of objectives:
After successful completion of all testing processes, the testing team confirms that the software application is bug-free and it can be delivered to the client.
Advantages of Acceptance Testing:
- It increases the satisfaction of clients as they test the application itself.
- The quality criteria of the software are defined in an early phase so that the tester has already decided on the testing points. It gives a clear view of the testing strategy.
- The information gathered through acceptance testing is used by stakeholders to better understand the requirements of the targeted audience.
- It improves requirement definition as the client tests requirement definition according to his needs.
Disadvantages of Acceptance Testing:
According to the testing plan, the customer has to write requirements in their own words and by themselves but
- Customers are not willing to do that; it defeats the whole point of acceptance testing.
- If test cases are written by someone else, the customer does not understand them, so the tester has to perform the inspections by themselves only.
If the process is done in this manner, it destroys the existence of the Acceptance Testing.
Conclusion:
In Software Engineering, the Full form of UAT is User Acceptance Testing.UAT is one of the many flavors of testing that has emerged over the last twenty-five years. With UAT, the client can be sure of “What to expect” from the product rather than assuming. The benefit of UAT is that there will be no surprises when the product is released to the market.
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